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In today’s time, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is making many farming tasks easier. These also include the work of pollination, which is very important for the production of crops. Earlier this work mainly depended on natural pollen like bees or the hard work of humans. Now new AI technologies are automating this process, making farming more effective and sustainable.
Need increased due to lack of natural pollens
The numbers of bees and other pollinators are continuously declining in many parts of the world. This can have a direct impact on farming and food production. In such a situation, scientists are looking at AI based technologies as a new solution. With the help of these technologies, pollination can be done through machines and smart systems, which helps in maintaining crop yields and food security.
Identification of flowers through computer vision
AI based robots can easily identify flowers by using computer vision and deep learning techniques. There are many special techniques like Mask R-CNN and YOLO v8, which have proven to be quite accurate in recognizing flowers. These systems recognize different types of flowers and pollinate the right flower only. This ensures proper use of pollen grains and gives better results in farming.
Pollination is also being done by drones
Now drones are also being used in agriculture for pollination. These drones transport pollen from one plant to another with the help of controlled wind. Research has found that this technology has increased the yield of crops like tomato and strawberry by about 15 percent. Drones also keep an eye on the condition of crops and provide necessary information at the right time.
Precise pollination using robotic systems
Some scientists are also developing such special robots, which can identify the direction of flowers and pollinate them properly. With the help of computer vision, these robots understand the condition of the flower well and then drop the pollen by lightly shaking the stem. During this process the system also records the success of pollination on each flower. Through this, important data related to farming is also collected.
Combining AI with smart farming
Smart farming is being further strengthened by combining AI technology with Internet of Things (IoT) sensors and data analytics. These sensors provide information about the temperature, humidity and other conditions of the field. Based on this the AI system decides when and how pollination should be done. This helps farmers take better decisions and also increases farming productivity.
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